愛滋病毒感染者，使用抗病毒藥物抑制失敗後治療藥物之選擇

A new treatment choice for first-line antiretroviral treatment failure in HIV-1 infected patients

自從高效能抗愛滋病毒治療開始廣泛使用後，已將過去普遍致死的愛滋病毒感染，變成長期、可處理的慢性疾病。但是，即使長期服藥將血液中的病毒量降低到現有儀器偵測極限以下，現有的藥物治療仍然無法完全根除體內的愛滋病毒。部分感染者服藥不規則，容易導致病毒產生抗藥性，造成治療的困難。本文將帶領讀者了解愛滋病抗病毒藥物的種類、愛滋病毒產生抗藥性的機轉、實驗室測定抗藥性的方法，以及初次藥物治療失敗時新處方藥物選擇原則，希望能讓從事傳染病通報與感染管制的醫療同仁能深入了解愛滋病毒與抗藥性現況及初次藥物治療失敗時新處方選擇之規範。

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection could be a long-term controllable disease after the widespread use of combination antiretroviral therapy. However, the current combination antiretroviral therapy cannot eradicate HIV, and some HIV-infected patients experience treatment failure due to poor drug compliance. The antiretroviral therapy principle, antiretroviral drug resistance mechanism, laboratory detection drug-resistance technique, and a new treatment choice for first-line antiretroviral treatment failure in HIV-infected patients were reviewed in this report.