探討城市公共性之建築設計教學策略

Teaching Strategies of Architectural Design for Exploring the Publicity of a City

城市應該提供多元且具公共性的開放空間和生活場所，城市才會健康，居民才會快樂。本研究目的為建構一個建築設計教學策略，主要藉由城市公共性的探索，啟發學生的設計學習與創意，以及關注公共空間的社會責任。因此，我們先對城市公共性進行相關文獻研究，接著了解文本閱讀及設計圖解的方式，這些研究幫助我們建構「圖解場域」（Diagramming Field）的設計方法，此方法透過四個設計步驟對城市的公共性進行探索，包括取樣、詮釋、再現和介入。最後，我們以淡江建築研究所一年級的設計工作室「Ruin City」為平台，並選擇台北市的老舊城市為例進行設計實驗，不同於以往「figure-ground」的基地閱讀，城市中之場域的流動性元素和異質空間的活動揭露，將提供我們重新定義老舊城市再生的新可能性與設計想像，從都市、建築到景觀，從實到虛，從黑到白，從空間形式到生活事件。研究發現Diagramming Field打開學生在城市公共性的想像，以及設計創作的多元性，包括議題論述、基地選擇、媒材使用、表現方法等，同時也提升他們/她們對於基地的敏感度與設計的溝通，我們認為這種「有感而發」的基地閱讀為當下建築設計教育的重要訓練。

Cities should provide diverse and public open spaces and living places, so that cities can be healthy, and residents can be happy. Through exploring the publicity of cities, the purpose of this research is to propose teaching strategy for architectural design to inspire students' design learning and creativity. We first study on the relevant literature of city publicity, and then explore the ways of design diagrams. Based on these studies, we construct a teaching method called 'Diagramming Field'. This method has four stages to conduct design operations of city publicity, including extraction, interpretation, representation and intervention. Finally, we used the first-year graduated design studio 'Ruin City' as the platform for design experiments. We take the old city Beitou in Taipei as an example to carry out the design experiment. Different from the city reading of 'figure-ground', the fluidity of the field and the exposing of heterogeneous space provide the new possibilities and imagination for students to regenerate the old city, from urban to architecture to landscape, from solid to void, from black to white, from spatial form to life events. Diagramming Field inspires students with the imagination of urban publicity and the diversity of design creation, including discussion of topics, base selection, media use, expression methods, etc., These can help students to enhance the sensitivity of the site and design communication. We think that the site reading with intention is an important training for the current architectural design education.