頭皮針流派研究：近10年頭皮針研究文獻回顧與計量分析

Research on Scalp Acupuncture Schools: Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Scalp Acupuncture Research in the Last 10 Years

前言：頭皮針療法從1970年代發展迄今，形成眾多流派。1984年國際標準化方案制定後，頭皮針流派之間處於更迭或發展趨勢。本研究首先整理當代頭皮針流派發展歷史及各流派核心理論，仍面臨不同流派的發展趨勢與臨床治療病種差異的問題待解。目的與方法：研究以6個中、英文資料庫進行文獻回顧，分析近10年頭皮針臨床研究論文，藉由論文計量方式，進行16個頭皮針流派的研究文獻計量變化、臨床研究病種和合併治療措施差異性比較。結果：國際標準、焦順發、頭部穴位、靳瑞、于致順為近10年主要頭皮針流派。大部分流派研究主題疾病集中在神經科和精神科。最常見疾病依序為中風及其後遺症、腦性麻痺、失智症、失眠、眩暈、自閉症、頸椎病、發展遲緩等。但靳瑞治療兒童腦病所佔的比率較高，病灶投影則集中在治療腦中風。頭皮針最常見合併措施依序為體針、電針。結論：藉由文獻計量變化，本研究有助於了解現行主要頭皮針流派的發展趨勢，及研究主題病種，合併措施的異同，也可做為臨床醫師選擇不同頭皮針療法的參考。

Background: Scalp acupuncture has been developed since the 1970s and has formed different academic schools. The early method of scalp acupuncture is still developing, and new methods were born even though the International Standard Scalp Acupuncture system has become the proposed method since 1984. We systematically classified the development history of the current methods of scalp acupuncture and the major theories of each academic school at first. However, it is still uncertain in the difference of clinical indications and developing trends between different methods of scalp acupuncture. Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a literature review and bibliometric analysis to analyze the clinical research of scalp acupuncture in the past 10 years. Methods: Searches were conducted in databases including CEPS, CNKI, Wanfang Data, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. Each study was analyzed and finally summated the published years, style of scalp acupuncture, the type of diseases, and the combined therapy. Result: International Standard Scalp Acupuncture system, Jiao Shun-Fa, Acupoint on the head, Jin Rui, Yu Zhi-Shun are the leading academic schools of scalp acupuncture in the past 10 years. The research topics of the different methods of scalp acupuncture are focused on neurologic and psychiatric diseases. The type of disease is ranked as stroke and its sequelae, cerebral palsy, dementia, insomnia, vertigo, autism, cervical spondylosis, and developmental retardation. It reveals little difference in each method of scalp acupuncture except Jin Rui's method with higher ratios in treatment of childhood encephalopathy and the body surface projection of intracranial lesions method focused on the treatment of stroke. The most common combined measures for scalp acupuncture are body acupuncture and electro-acupuncture therapy. Discussion and Conclusion: The study reveals the developing trends of the main academic schools and combined scalp acupuncture measures. The study may benefit an elected clinical indication and combined measures when using scalp acupuncture treatment.