影響新冠肺炎疫苗施打意願之相關因素探討

Discussion on the Relevant Factors Affecting the Willingness to Administer the COVID-19 Vaccine

目的：新冠肺炎(COVID-19)的擴散速度及感染力大幅影響到民眾的正常生活模式，根本的解決方法，除了依靠自身的免疫力之外就是要仰賴疫苗的保護力。本研究目的為針對COVID-19疫苗的認知、同意程度、施打情形及施打意願進行調查，並針對學生特質、疫苗認知、疫苗施打情形，以及施打意願之相關性進行探討。方法：本研究以北部某科技大學生為研究對象，依分層抽樣原則進行問卷調查。共發放316份，回收308份問卷，回收率97％。問卷回收後以描述性統計、卡方分析、單因子變異數分析，以及t檢定等方式進行統計分析。結果：在描述性統計方面，有94.5%的大學生對新冠肺炎疫苗的廠牌有較高的認知、有81.5%的大學生認為可降低感染及重症風險為影響施打新冠肺炎疫苗的最大因素、有77.6%的大學生已施打過疫苗、有35.7%的大學生第一劑施打的疫苗廠牌為BNT佔最多、有24.4%的大學生有意願混打疫苗。在分析性統計方面，不同基本特質對疫苗認知有部分的影響、不同基本特質對影響施打疫苗相關因素之同意程度有部分的影響、疫苗認知對施打情形及施打意願有部分的影響、施打疫苗相關因素之同意程度對施打情形及施打意願有部分的影響。建議未來研究者可將研究對象擴大，比較不同年齡層的認知以及意願。

Purpose: The spreading speed and infectivity of the new coronary pneumonia (COVID-19) have greatly affected people’s normal life style. The fundamental solution is to rely on the protection of vaccines in addition to relying on their own immunity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the awareness, consent, administration situation and willingness to administer the COVID-19 vaccine, and to explore the correlation between students’ characteristics, vaccine cognition, vaccine administration situation, and willingness to administer the vaccine. Methods: This study took college students from a certain university in northern China as the research object, and conducted a questionnaire survey according to the principle of stratified sampling. A total of 316 questionnaires were distributed, and 308 questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery rate of 97%. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, one-way analysis of variance, and t-test were used for statistical analysis after the questionnaires were collected. Results: In terms of descriptive statistics, 94.5% of the college students had a high awareness of the brand of the new coronary pneumonia vaccine, 81.5% of the college students believed that reducing the risk of infection and severe illness was the biggest factor affecting the use of the new coronary pneumonia vaccine, and some 77.6% of the college students have been vaccinated, 35.7% of the college students who received the first dose of the vaccine brand is BNT, and 24.4% of the college students are willing to mix vaccines. In terms of analytical statistics, different basic traits have a partial impact on vaccine cognition, different basic characteristics have a partial impact on the degree of consent to factors related to vaccination, vaccine cognition has a partial impact on vaccination situation and willingness to give vaccination, the degree of consent to the relevant factors of vaccination has a partial impact on the situation and willingness of vaccination. It is suggested that future researchers can expand the research object and compare the cognition and willingness of different age groups.