臺北市適宜之原生種植物：階層式篩選與專家共識推薦

Selecting suitable native plant species of Taipei City: Hierarchical screening and experts' consensus recommendations

使用原生植物、提升生物多樣性是近年世界先進國家城市植栽工程的重要趨勢，而選出適宜當地的原生植物種類更是城市綠色基礎建設的基礎工作。本研究以階層式架構來篩選臺北市適植之植物種類，包括：（1）彙整相關報告之植物清單，以建立完整名錄；（2）刪除外來種等不適用種類，以建立可用名錄；（3）邀集多位專家票選出適宜種類，以建立推薦名錄；（4）考量種植目的及苗木可得性，以建立審定名錄。經彙集38位專家的共識推薦，獲得1/2以上專家推薦可適用於四季景觀區之植物有25種、原生植物區有80種、誘蝶賞花區有58種，同時在3區中均獲推薦者，計有8種：鐘萼木、魚木、大頭茶、山黃梔、流蘇、烏心石、四照花、烏皮九芎，建議優先列為選植之樹種。本文同時也與現有植栽相比對，列出鐘萼木、豬腳楠、大葉馬兜鈴等目前臺北市尚無種植的潛力植物種類。未來臺北市為各類種植目的，可由推薦名錄中選用適宜之原生植物種類，對於部分尚無苗木之種類，宜著手培育健壯優美之苗木。本文為臺北市篩選出適宜的植物種類，有助於達成推廣栽植原生植物、環境景觀綠美化、提升生物多樣性之城市永續目標。最後，本文之階層式篩選與專家共識推薦的方法，可為其他都市或區域之植栽種類規劃提供一種可行的模式。

The use of native plants and the improvement of biodiversity are important trends in urban planting projects of advanced countries in the world in recent years. Selecting suitable native plant species is the basic work of the city's green infrastructure. The research was designed to identify suitable native plant species of Taipei City through a hierarchical process of the followings: (1) To compile a complete list from relevant reports; (2) To establish a usable list by removing species that are exotic or unsuitable due to other concerned factors; (3) To establish a recommended list of suitable species by inviting experts to vote; (4) To establish a verified list considering the purpose of planting and the availability of seedlings. Based on the opinions and consensus of 38 experts, 25 species were recommended for All Seasons Scenic District, 80 species for Native Plant District, and 58 species for Butterfly and Flower District. The following 8 plant species, Bretschneidera sinensis, Crateva adansonii subsp. formosensis, Gordonia axillaris, Gardenia jasminoides, Chionanthus retusus, Michelia compressa, Benthamidia japonica var. chinensis, and Styrax formosana were recommended by more than half of the experts in all 3 districts and should be prioritized for planting. By comparing the recommended list with currently planted species in Taipei City, we found that Bretschneidera sinensis, Machilus thunbergii, and Aristolochia foveolata have not yet been planted. For species that do not have availabe seedlings, establish nurseries for the production of robust and graceful seedlings are recommended. Selecting suitable native plant species for Taipei City, helps to achieve the sustainable goals of promoting planting native plants, greening the urban landscape, and enhancing biodiversity in the urban environment. The method of hierarchical screening and expert consensus recommendation proposed in this article provides a feasible model for the planning of plant species in other cities or regions.