新化林場賞螢之環境解說效益

Benfits of environmental interpretation on Firfly-watching tours in Hsinhua Forest Station

中興大學新化林場收回自營後，竭力利用林場豐富自然生態資源，周邊西拉雅人文聚落及鄰近市區的優勢條件，積極推動多元環境教育活動，形塑優質環境教育基地，對當今環境教育有更廣大影響及貢獻。因此以賞螢活動為例，優化遊程，並評估遊客滿意度與環境教育效益。活動企劃前蒐集往年活動缺失，檢視負面評價因素，並將環境教育能力指標導入教案設計，建構標準化的遊程操作模式。遊程活動後以問卷調查遊客回饋，共274份有效問卷。調查結果顯示遊客對重新優化的賞螢活動有極佳的滿意度。少數遊客不滿意在步道行走感受、螢火蟲數量。遊客對環境認知、環境情感及環境行動或承諾具高度認同，賞螢解說滿意度與環境教育效益為正相關，此調查結果與前人研究結果相符。其中解說員的表現是關鍵，具顯著相關的變項為解說員專業知識與環境認知、解說員的自信表現與環境認知、解說員的自信表現與環境行為或承諾，由此可知，解說員對環境教育效益影響甚鉅。依據分析結果提出建議：改善生態步道的平穩，官網分享螢火蟲的即時監測資訊，強化綠色採購的環境教育效益，持續解說品質與持續辦理解說員訓練活動及考核，建立長期回饋與評量數據。

After the reclamation of the Hsinhua Forest Station by National Chung Hsing University, its abundant natural ecological resources along with its surrounding Siraya humanity settlements and the neighboring urban areas were further utilized and incorporated into the efforts of actively promoting multiple environmental education courses and shaping a high-quality environmental education base in order to have a widespread influence and contribution for the current environmental education. The resources and characteristics were first investigated and Firefly-watching activity was taken as an example to optimize the curriculum by evaluating visitors' satisfaction and benefits of environmental education. At the beginning of the event planning, previous activities were reviewed based on collected survey data. Negative factors affecting the satisfaction of the interpretation service were removed from the curriculum, new environmental education ability indicators were addede. The survey data of visitors' feedback were collected from a total of 274 valid questionnaires. The survey results showed that visitors had a high satisfaction toward the firefly watching, while only a few tourists were not satisfied due to the uncomfortable feeling of walking on the trail and the low number of fireflies. Since most of the visitors had high degree of environmental awareness and affections and had the willingness to take actions and make commitments, we concluded that the satisfaction of the interpretation of Firefly watching is positively correlated with the benefits of environmental education. The survey results were in line with previous reference studies. We also found that the performance of the interpreter is the key factor to affect the survey outcome. The interpreter's professional knowledge is moderately related to only environmental cognition, while the interpreters' confident performance is moderately related to not only environmental cognition, but also visitors' behavior and commitment. Our results also suggest that the stability of the ecological trails, the real-time monitoring information of fireflies on the official website, the emphasis of environmental education on benefits of green procurement, the contents of training courses and the evaluation of interpreters' performance, and establishment of long-term feedback and evaluation data system will be the key factors to advance the environmental education.