論比例原則在經濟法中的適用

The Application of the Principle of Proportionality in Economic Law

被譽為“公法皇冠”的比例原則在經濟法中的適用具有可行性和必要性。比例原則的“相對普適性”為其在經濟法中的適用提供了法理基礎，引入比例原則不僅可以回應經濟法現代性的內在訴求，還是貫徹經濟法理念和基本原則的必然要求。比例原則在經濟法中的適用範圍涵蓋“權力──權利”和“權利──權利”二元法律關系結構，但是，特殊緊急狀態和合意行為應排除比例原則的適用。囿于比例原則的抽象性，有必要構建其在經濟法中的類型化適用路徑：以法律關系結構為劃分依據，通過“目的正當性──適當性──必要性──均衡性”的差異化認定標準，塑造“寬鬆”和“相對嚴格”的審查基準模型。

Known as the crown of public law, the principle of proportionality is feasible and necessary to be applied to economic law. The “relative universality” of the principle of proportionality provides a legal basis for its application in economic law. Also, the introduction of the principle of proportionality can not only respond to the internal appeal of the modernity of economic law, but also the inevitable requirement of implementing the concept and basic principles of economic law. The application scope of the principle of proportionality in economic law covers the dual legal relationship structure of “power to right” and “right to right” . However, the special states of emergency and the consensual acts exclude the application of the principle of proportionality. Due to the abstraction of the principle of proportionality, it is necessary to construct the typed application path of the principle of proportionality in economic law. Specifically, we should take the structure of legal relations as the division basis to shape the “loose” and “relatively strict” review benchmark model through the differentiated identification standard of “ legitimacy purpose, appropriateness, necessity and balance” .