食品業法人犯罪處罰制度的檢討

Research on the Criminal Punishment System of a Illegal Food Enterprise

隨著人民社經生活的提升，人們對於飲食，除了要「吃飽」之外，更要「吃出健康」，對於健康飲食的追求，已經成為全民共識。不過，我國的食品安全仍存有許多問題。然而，近年發生許多黑心食品的問題，已經讓人民不安；特別是許多製造、販售黑心食品者，竟是知名企業。關於食品業法人犯罪的規範，食品安全衛生管理法第49條第5項規定，「法人之代表人、法人或自然人之代理人、受僱人或其他從業人員，因執行業務犯第一項至第三項之罪者，除處罰其行為人外，對該法人或自然人科以各該項十倍以下之罰金。」惟此規定，並無法落實倍比罰金制應有的功能，而有修正必要。另外，對於犯罪的食品業法人，或有思量增設資格刑的空間，以周全刑罰的規範。

Having improved socio-economic positions, most of people are pursuing not only “eating full” but also “eating healthy”, has become a common view as regards healthy diets. As far as the food safety in Taiwan is concerned, it still remains a number of problems. However, there are some problems in “food hygiene and safety”. Those problems make the people anxious, especially, many large companies sell unethical food. In Taiwan, there is Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation to regulate “Food Companies Crime”. Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation Article 49.5, “Where the representative of a legal entity or the agent, employees or other practitioners of a legal entity or natural person that commit the offenses from Paragraphs 1 to 3 during the performance of duties, not only shall the wrongdoer be punished but the legal entity or natural person shall also be fined not more than ten times of the fine stipulated in the respective preceding paragraphs.” However, there are some troubles need to solve in the legal system. In addition, this paper suggests legislators to apply Qualification-Punishment to an illegal food enterprise.