十三種美國環保署待評估農藥其他成分之致變異性探討

"Studies on the Effect of Thirteen USEPA List 3 Inert Chemicals on Mutagenesis with REC, Ames and SCE Assays"

本試驗目的在測試cumene、dibutyl phthalate、toluene、rhodamine B、methyl red、Janus green B、nonylphenol、Page blue 83、Nile blue A、bisphenol A、metanil yellow、Sudan black B、及tartrazine等十三種美國環保署List 3毒性待評估之農藥其他成分，在枯草菌核酸修復、沙門菌基因逆向變異及姊妹染色體交換等致變異性潛在性。枯草桿菌核酸修復測試，未添加肝臟代謝酵素時，Nonylphenol、rhodamine B、Page blue 83與Nile blue A等均呈正反應；添加肝臟代謝酵素時，Nonylphenol及Janus green B均呈正反應。沙門菌基因逆向變異測試，未添加與添加肝臟代謝酵素，Nile blue A與methyl red等均呈正反應。姊妹染色體交換測試，全部測試藥劑均呈負反應。綜合歸納同時在枯草桿菌核酸修復與沙門菌基因逆向變異測試呈正反應之農藥其他成分與其化學結構可知，Nile blue A與Janus green B兩藥劑其化學結構具有phenoxazin-7-ium（Nile blue A）或phenylphenazin-10-ium（Janus green B），推測此一化學結構可能是致變異性重要官能基之一。

"The study aimed to investigate the effect of thirteen USEPA list 3 inert chemicals, cumene, dibutyl phthalate, nonylphenol, toluene, rhodamine B, bisphenol A, Nile blue A, Page blue 83, Janus green B, metanil yellow, methyl red, Sudan black B and tartrazine on mutagenesis by rec assay, Ames and SCE tests. In rec assay without S9, nonylphenol, rhodamine B, Page blue 83 and Nile blue A showed mutagenesis. However, when rec assay was done with S9, only nonylphenol and Janus green B displayed mutagenesis. In Ames test, Nile blue A and methyl red exhibited mutagenesis, both in the presence and absence of S9. In SCE test, all the tested pesticide showed negative effect. Based on the results of positive effect in rec and Ames tests and its chemical structure, we concluded that Nile blue A and Janus green B exhibited positive mutagenesis by sharing chemical structure with phenoxazin-7-ium (Nile blue A) and phenylphenazin-10-ium (Janus green B). We inferred that the structures of phenoxazin-7-ium and phenylphenazin-10-ium might contribute to the inert-induced mutagenesis properties of their respective derivatives, Nile blue A and Janus green B."