超寄生性真菌Coniothyrium minitans之葉面噴灑策略及與花粉混合使用對加拿大西部菜豆上菌核病（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum）之防治效果評估

"Foliar application strategies and use of pollen with Coniothyrium minitans to control white mould of bean, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, in western Canada"

本研究於加拿大西部曼尼托巴省(Manitoba)的布蘭登市(Brandon)及摩登市(Morden) (2002-2003)、與亞伯達省(Alberta)的萊斯布里奇市(Lethbridge) (2001-2003)近郊進行田間試驗，以評估超寄生性真菌Coniothyrium minitans不同的施用策略及其與花粉混合使用後，對於菌核病菌(Sclerotinia sclerotioruum)所引起之菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris)菌核病的防治效果。結果顯示，以葉面噴灑C. minitans孢子懸浮液的方式，可有效減少病害發生的情形。單獨或分次葉面噴灑對於病害的發生率、罹病度及種子的產量等均無顯著的影響。C. minitans與蜂蜜花粉混合使用比單獨使用更能減低菌核病菌對菜豆的感染率。結果顯示，C. minitans的孢子懸浮液單獨噴灑葉面，已具有防治菜豆上菌核病的效果，若與花粉混合使用，防治效果則更佳。

"Field experiments were conducted in western Canada at sites near Brandon , Manitoba（2002-03）, Morden, Manitoba（2001-03）, and Lethbridge, Alberta（2001-03）to determine the efficacy of different application strategies and the use of pollen with Coniothyrium minitans for control of white mould of bean（Phaseolus vulgaris）caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Foliar application（single or split）of a spore suspens ion of C. minitans reduced disease regardless of the number of applications in two of three location-years. The treatments of single versus split application did not differ significantly from one another in disease incidence, severity and seed yield. Addition of bee pollen to C. minitans was more effective than C. minitans alone in reducing the impact of white mould of bean. These results indicate that a single foliar spray of C. minitans is effective for the control of white mould of bean, especially when C. minitans is used in combination with pollen."