臺灣百合灰黴病菌對護汰寧殺菌劑之基礎感受性分析

Baseline sensitivity of Botrytis elliptica to fludioxonil in Taiwan

"護汰寧（fludioxonil）屬苯酚吡咯類（phenylpyrroles）殺菌劑，為1997年新引進用於防治灰黴病之藥劑。本試驗針對三種灰黴病菌對護汰寧殺菌劑之感受性進行分析。供試菌株包括536株百合灰黴病菌（Botrytis elliptica）、32株鬱金香灰黴病菌（B. tulipae）、84株蓎菖蒲灰黴病菌（B. gladiolorum）及20株植物病原真菌。護汰寧濃度轉對數後，與該濃度下之菌絲生長抑制率同為變數，進行簡單線性回歸分析。Botrytis elliptica之半數抑制濃度（effective concentration for 50% inhibtion,EC_(50)）與最小抑制濃度（minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC）分別為0.002±0.001~ 0.048±0.025及0.091±0.037 ~ 0.625±0.335 mg/liter。試驗結果亦顯示護汰寧對Colletotrichum gloeosporioides、Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii、F. solani及卵菌綱類之Phytophthora spp.、Pythium myriotylum與Peronophythora litchii之菌絲生長無抑制作用。田間百合每隔一週施藥一次，連續五次施用後調查灰黴病菌對護汰寧感受性偏移情形，結果顯示B. elliptica在施藥前後之EC_(50)分別為0.006±0.009及0.003±0.002 mg/liter，無顯著差異（p=0.0799, n=60）。"

"Fludioxonil, the new phenylpyrrole fungicide, was introduced to control the gray mold disease of floral crops in Taiwan since 1997. To establish the baseline sensitivity of Botrytis spp. to fludioxonil, five hundred and thirty six isolates of Botrytis elliptica, 32 isolates of B. tulipae, 84 isolates of B. gladiolorum and other 20 phytopathogenic fungi were tested during past years. Log value of fludioxonil concentration and inhibition ratio in each treatment were used as variables in simple linear regression analysis. Effective concentration for 50% inhibition（EC_（50））and minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC）of B. elliptica to fludioxonil were ranged from 0.002±0.001 to 0.048±0.025 mg/liter and 0.091±0.037 to 0.625±0.335 mg/liter, respectively. EC_（50）of B. tulipae and B. gladiolorum were 0.042±0.010 and 0.018±0.003 ~ 0.026±0.011 mg/liter, respectively. The results also showed that fludioxonil did not inhibit the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii, F. solani and Oomycetes, such as Phytophthora spp., Pythium myriotylum, and Peronophythora litchii. EC_（50）of B. elliptica to fludioxonil detected before and after application of fludioxonil for 5 times at one-week intervals in the field trial were 0.006±0.009 and 0.003±0.002 mg/liter, respectively. The result showed that there was no significant difference after intensive application of fludioxonil in the field（p=0.0799, n=60）."