政策變遷下之社區社會工作專業職能與教育省思

Reflections on Professional Competencies and Education of Community Social Work and Related Policy Changes

社區工作是社會工作三大基礎工作方法之一，近年來隨著政府大量建構以社區為基礎之政策計畫，同步補助專職人事經費，為社區社會工作者開啟進入社區之工作機會，因此，本文研究目的在於依社區政策變遷主軸，了解社區社會工作者被賦予專業角色之轉變，並就社區工作專業職能與教育規劃提出相關討論與省思。經過文獻及政策文件之檢閱，本文區分三種社區社會工作者類型：輔導型、在地型與外展型，並整理七種基礎核心職能：社區描繪、社區組織及管理、社區資源開發與統合、方案規劃與評估、社區工作行政、社區充權、倡導。另為建立學生對社區工作之專業想像與認同，在社區工作教育課程安排上，建議應結合理論與實務知識，增加學生參與實習與實作機會，並進行跨課程內容之整合，最後亦就社區社會工作職能與教育提出討論與省思。

"Community work is one of the three basic practice methods of social work. Because of a lot of community-based policy and personnel subsidy has initiated by the government, community social workers (CSW) get more employment opportunities in recent years. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the role transformation of CSW under related policy changes, discuss and reflect professional competencies and education planning of community work. After literature and policy document review, three types of CSW were classified: Mentor, Localized, and Outreach; and seven basic core competencies were listed: community mapping, community organization and management, community resource development and integration, program planning and evaluation, community work administration, community empowerment, and advocacy. For the sake of framing students’imagination and identity on community work, this study suggests that related courses should integrate academic and practice knowledge, enhance practicum and field study opportunities, and negotiate cross-course arrangements. Finally, reflections on the professional competencies and education of community social work were issued."