張宗祥校本《說郛》考實

An Analysis of the Hand-written Ming Dynasty Copy of Shuofu as Emended by Zhang Zongxiang

張宗祥校定明抄本《說郛》是陶宗儀所纂百卷本《說郛》目前唯一的印本。利用浙江圖書館所藏張宗祥校定《說郛》親筆原稿所體現的底本特殊標誌，確認張宗祥沒有交代清楚的最後一部明抄本《說郛》是今藏國家圖書館（臺北）的陶湘舊藏明抄本，從而落實張宗祥所使用四部明抄本全部的真實情況。通過分析張宗祥親筆原稿中所反映的定稿前編輯加工痕跡，確定張宗祥是按照發現四部明抄本的順序，依次匯集配補而成《說郛》全帙。張宗祥校勘時最重要的校勘條例有二：其一是《說郛》明抄本間慎用版本對校，其二是廣採《說郛》來源文獻傳世版本進行他校。張宗祥校本作為迄今唯一的完整整理本，主體底本優良，並利用來源文獻傳世版本校正大量訛誤，極大地促進了原本《說郛》的廣泛傳播。但同時由於未能囊括原本《說郛》三個版本分支的抄本，且未進行充分的版本對校，所以未能參考採納有價值的版本異文，並進一步導致了張宗祥在已有的他校方面也出現大量誤判，從而降低了張宗祥校本的文獻價值。張宗祥校定《說郛》之得失及其背後的時代局限，足以作為現今應當嚴格依照學術規範整理古籍的殷鑒。

"The hand-written Ming dynasty copy of Shuofu emended by Zhang Zongxiang is the only printed copy of the text compiled by Tao Zongyi. The last hand-written copy used by Zhang is the hand-written Ming dynasty copy, which is now deposited at the National Library (Taipei)—and which had been in the private collection of Tao Xiang. This fact is proved by the distinguishing marks of the master copy on Zhang’s manuscripts collected in the Zhejiang Library. The four hand-written copies used by Zhang are thus verified. By comparing Zhang’s manuscripts with the four hand-written copies, the master copies of each volume used by Zhang can be ascertained. Zhang followed two rules when emending Shuofu: one was that he would carry out a meticulous collation of manuscripts; the other was that he would compare passages cited in Shuofu with other available sources. Zhang’s text is still the only printed edition of Shuofu available. His edition eliminated numerous mistakes and thus played a significant role in the transmission of the original Shuofu. But it did not take into consideration the three derived copies of the original one, nor did it make an adequate comparison among the various copies. These defects resulted in many errors, thus greatly diminishing the value of Zhang’s emendations. The shortcomings and limitations of Zhang’s emendations provide a valuable lesson for modern scholarship on the proper way to collate and emend ancient texts."