鄉村振興、學者實踐和中國大陸集體未來的動力

"Rural Revitalization, Scholar Activism, and the Dynamics of the Collective Future in China"

"中國大陸農村改革既反映了治國精英的現代化策略，也是對底層動力的反饋。它蜿蜒曲折的步伐說明，在國家策略中，農村發展是一個不斷變化的政治和經濟問題。我們認為，在「農民」問題上，中國共產黨採取了策略性的本質主義（strategic essentialism）。一方面，中國共產黨將「農民」視作一個階段內統一的範疇，同時利用這一範疇內部的差異，來推動長期變革的目標。在後毛時代改革的背景下，政策一方面強調保護「農民」，但也鼓勵農民分化，這一矛盾給中國大陸當前的鬥爭同時帶來了機會和障礙。我們也認為，中國大陸政府近期推動的鄉村振興是「國家主導的邊緣策略」（state-guided periphery strategy）的一部分，它的目標是使資本向國內外金融化程度低的地區流動。在這一背景下，本文考察了改革時期的政策和話語如何把握和界定農村問題，並討論了學者社會參與（scholar activism）的兩個案例─中國大陸的鄉村建設運動和人民食物主權網絡。
Rural development in the Chinese state's strategy has been a changing political-economic problematic. The state has practiced a strategic essentialism with regard to ''peasantry.'' It has actively taken ''peasantry'' as a temporary unifying master-category while at the same time working with the differences within the category for the long-term goal of transformation. The post-Mao contradiction, emphasizing the protection of the ''peasantry'' while encouraging differentiation, offers contemporary struggles both opportunity and frustration. This essay examines how the rural has been conceptualized in reform-era policies and discusses two cases of scholar activism, the rural reconstruction movement and the food sovereignty network in China."

"Rural development in the Chinese state's strategy has been a changing political-economic problematic. The state has practiced a strategic essentialism with regard to ''peasantry.'' It has actively taken ''peasantry'' as a temporary unifying master-category while at the same time working with the differences within the category for the long-term goal of transformation. The post-Mao contradiction, emphasizing the protection of the ''peasantry'' while encouraging differentiation, offers contemporary struggles both opportunity and frustration. This essay examines how the rural has been conceptualized in reform-era policies and discusses two cases of scholar activism, the rural reconstruction movement and the food sovereignty network in China."