祖孫共學趣：以代間學習概念初探老幼共照之可能

Together Old and Young: Intergenerational Learning and Its Implications for Intergenerational Care

臺灣高齡人口不斷增加，過去習慣的健康概念和醫療照護模式，也要有新的思維和改變。從預防和整合方向思考，老幼共照模式發展為「同村協力」的社區整體照顧系統可能獲致「老有所終，壯有所用，幼有所長」的社會福利成效。但因目前尚在探索階段，加上老人和幼兒同屬較敏感人群，需要精心規劃及相關經驗佐證，進以形成在地特色。因此本研究於2020年1至6月間以嘉義某幼兒園44名大班兒童和固定在社區提供服務的8位中高齡長輩為研究樣本，邀請他們參加一系列代間學習課程，在歷時六個月之後透過文件分析、參與觀察和訪談等方式收集相關資料分析，最後得到以下結論：（一）課程和活動設計要顧及跨世代背景的多元性與包容性，才能促進不同世代對彼此生活經驗之理解；（二）老幼共托模式強調陪伴互動，不是醫療照護；（三）世代融合應回歸人與人的自然相處模式，建立互為主體的友善關係；（四）「協力照顧模式」可以減輕三明治世代的照顧負荷，未來可朝世代共融與互助共享的方向努力。

"Health care and social welfare institutions in Taiwan must be adapted to the country’s aging society. Intergenerational care that mixes old age care and childcare is a new approach that has been introduced in other countries to ease childcare burdens and improve the quality of life for older adults. In Taiwan, this approach has yet to be developed outside of informal practices in individual families. Evidence is needed to develop intergenerational care that fits local contexts. This study is a part of that effort to do so by examining the practice of intergenerational learning. Study participants included 44 children from the senior group of a kindergarten in Chiayi County and 8 middle-aged and older adults who regularly received services at a family caregiver service center. A series of intergenerational learning courses were offered from January to June 2020. Official documents, interviews, and observation data were examined to analyze the operation of the program. We observed that the intergenerational care model emphasizes companionship and interaction, not just medical treatment and service provision. Intergenerational learning programs can provide a return to the natural state of intergenerational coexistence in which people support and care for each other. A coordinated intergenerational care model may reduce the care burdens of working adults. We recommend for intergenerational learning activities to incorporate diversity and inclusiveness and promote the sharing of life experiences among different generations."