貿易數字化與監管碎片化:國際貿易制度框架下跨境數據流動治理的挑戰與應對

Trade Digitization and Regulatory Fragmentation: Exploring Solutions to the Challenges Facing the Governance of Cross-Border Data Flows in the Context of International Trade Law

貿易數字化與監管碎片化給國際貿易制度框架下的跨境數據流動治理帶來了挑戰:貿易數字化導致WTO框架下貿易類型的分類困難;監管碎片化阻礙跨境數據流動的國際互操作性。面對挑戰，WTO應進行廣泛改革，明確數據流動屬于商品還是服務，并以為數字貿易和跨境數據流動建立一個安全、可預測和值得信賴的全球治理框架為目標。在此框架形成之前，''諸邊貿易協定''提供了一個在不同數據保護體系和跨境數據流動監管之間架起橋梁的良好起點。

"The current trend of trade digitization and regulatory fragmentation has brought great challenges to the governance of cross-border data flows in the context of international trade law.First,trade digitization leads to the classification difficulty based on existing WTO treaty provisions; second, regulatory fragmentation impedes international interoperability of cross-border data flow regulation among different systems.The WTO should undertake extensive reforms with the aim of establishing a safe,predictable and credible global governance framework for digital trade and cross-border data flows.Before a comprehensive governance framework is established,the ''Plurilateral Trade Agreement''provides a good starting point to bridge the gap between different data protection systems and the regulation of cross-border data flows."