試驗型規制制度的理論解釋與規範適用

Jurisprudential Analysis and Normative Application of Experimental Regulation System

試驗型規制制度是在立法信息不充分的情況下，為正式規制制度探索知識、積累經驗、反饋信息而設置的一種規制制度形態。局部試點和暫時試行是試驗型規制的兩種存在方式，實用主義思想、漸進主義制度變遷理論、“試錯”理論是試驗型規制制度的思想來源。試驗型規制制度通過對規制立法中交易費用的節約和實施中的成本控制來體現效率價值，其適用範圍可按照法律經濟學原理，以規制制度的時效性和準確性為變量來確定。在試驗型規制制度的適用過程中，試驗目標明確化和試驗內容可推廣化的規範落實，試驗區域選擇標準的規範確認，實施環節中實施情況報告制度的規範構造，是保障試驗型規制制度規範運行的核心內容和特有要求。

The experimental regulation system is set up to explore knowledge, accumulate experience and feedback information for the formal regulation system through the local pilot or temporary trial when the legislative information is insufficient. Pragmatism, gradualism and the theory of ''trial and error'' are the ideological sources of the system. The experimental regulation system reflects efficiency value via saving transaction cost in regulatory legislation and controlling cost in the implementation. Its applicable scope of the system can be cleared by two variables, i. e. , timeliness and accuracy of regulatory legislation according to the analysis of law and economics approach. From the perspective of normative, the explicit test objective in the legislative link, the normative implementation of the popularized test content, the normative confirmation of the selection criteria of the test area, and the normative construction of the implementation report system during the implementation are special links and the principal measures to guarantee the normalized operation of the experimental regulation system.