行政協議訴訟中的《民法典》准用

Application of the Civil Code in the Administrative Contracts Litigation

行政協議訴訟中的《民法典》准用，是體系化的公私法耦合機制。行政協議訴訟准用《民法典》具有必要性、正當性與容許性，遵循“行政法漏洞確認→相似民法規範查找→比照準用”的基本邏輯，亦受到行政法優位原則、法律保留原則和法律不溯及既往原則的限制。《民法典》的若干具體規則，均屬行政協議訴訟可准用規則範疇。行政協議訴訟中的焦點問題──行政協議的無效、變更與解除，分別准用《民法典》合同無效、情勢變更及合同解除規則。體系化的《民法典》准用模式，可為行政協議法定化和爭議一體化解決奠定基礎，也是行政優益權控權的可行之道。

Application of the Civil Code in the administrative contracts litigation shows the systematic coordination of public and private law. There exists the necessity, legitimacy and inclusiveness of the application of the Civil Code in the administrative contracts, which shall not only follow the basic logic of such application, i. e. the identification of the defect of the administrative law → search in the similar civil law rules → application, but also be subject to the principle of administration by law and doctrine of retroactivity. Several detailed rules in the Civil Code could be applied in the administrative contracts. The invalidity, amendment and termination of the administrative contracts are the key issues of the practice of the administrative contracts, and the rules with respect to invalidity, change of circumstances and termination of contract in the Civil Code could apply thereof. The systematic application of the Civil Code lays the foundation for the legalization of the administrative contracts and the integrated settlement of disputes, which it is also a feasible way to control the discretion power of administrative priority.