從三本擬《鏡花緣》的小說看晚清女學生的求學情形

The Three Pseudo-archaic Novels of Jing-Hua Yuan Looking into the Appearances of Women Getting Educated in Late-Qing Dynasty

清末推行新政、提倡婦女求學的社會風氣顯示在三部以《鏡花緣》為題的小說中，即蕭然鬱生《新鏡花緣》、陳嘯廬《新鏡花緣》、華琴珊《續鏡花緣》。但目前學界對三部小說的討論甚少，尚有研究空間待開展。此外，三位作家在思想上雖與李汝珍之《鏡花緣》關懷女性的觀點相異，甚至加以反對。但內容均描述晚清中國興辦女學、鑄造國民之母的風氣，引領女學生進入學堂學習的渴望。然在推行婦女教育的同時，與其相伴的放足運動亦在學堂中推行，其優點是行動解禁，但自由行動亦導致社會批判婦女失儀。在現實生活中，學堂屢有醜聞傳出，使家長擔心女兒進入學堂會沾染習氣，敗壞家風，因此產生既期待女性文明化而又禁止的矛盾現象。故本文以這三本小說作為探討對象，輔以史料，說明晚清女學生的求學情形，了解清末女性運動的發展過程，與擬舊小說創作反映社會的功能。

After the Opium War, feminism in Western Countries was brought into China by missionaries. This atmosphere also influenced the novelists then. At the time, there were three pseudo-archaic novels of Jin-HuaYuan talking about the phenomenon then that women schools were built everywhere and women were eager to go to schools and experience a new style of life. The three novels mentioned are the Xin Jing-Hua Yuan by Xiao-zhan Yu-sheng, the Xin Jing-Hua Yuan by Chen Shiao-lu and the Xu Jing-Hua Yuan by Hua Qin-shan. But those novels were not have highly attention in academic circles academia. Besides, the thinking in three books are different from Jing-Hua Yuan. But they also wrote China built schools for women in order to ''enlighten'' them in the novels. But were opposed by their parents because there were scandals of the schools and the parents were worried. This paper aims to use history to explain the appearances of women getting educated and development about women’s right in Late-Qing Dynasty, and know the ability of pseudo-archaic novels how to reject social atmosphere.