從新資料看近代中國的「扶乩運動」

Fuji (Spirit Writing) Movements in Modern China from the Perspective of New Documents

近代（1840-1949）中國宗教最顯著的現象，是扶乩活動的流行，各地出現不少乩壇，或鸞堂。本文擬從一、關於「三聖救劫運動」的起源與內涵，二、關於龍女寺道光庚子年救劫運動的面貌，三、道光庚子年扶乩運動的影響與變異：滇西洱源地區的例子，這三個層面來探討。

One of China's most significant religious phenomena in modern times (1840- 1949) is the prevalence of fuji (spirit writing) activities. There have been many mediums around the altar or the luan church. This paper aims to approach the phenomenon from three aspects. First, it explains the origin and the meaning of the movement of“Three Saints' Averting Disasters.”Second, it illustrates the contour of the movement of“Longnushi's Averting Disasters”near the end of the Qing Dynasty. Third, it deals with the impact and variation of fuji movements in the late Qing Dynasty by taking the Eryuan West region in Yunnan as an example.