冒險教育體驗營對青少年自我實現與人際關係之影響研究

Evaluation of Self Realization and Interpersonal Relationships for Adolescents Participating in Adventure Education Camp

冒險教育是1941年由Kurt Hahn所創立的「外展教育學校」(Outward Bound School)開始，在冒險教育中，是藉由直接參與具有挑戰、高度冒險及新奇成長體驗的活動設計，透過引導及反思，從中得到知識、技能及提昇自我，來學習人際之間與個人內在的能力，達到個人成長與發展的教育目標。本研究目的旨在測量5天4夜冒險教育體驗營對青少年自我實現與人際關係之影響。本研究針對218位青少年以自我實現與人際關係量表，進行前、後測，同時，採用效果值來探究不同時間點的能力改變程度。研究結果發現，營隊對參與者的自我實現與人際關係有正面影響且達顯著，在效果值方面，自我實現效果值介於0.11-0.24之間，人際關係效果值介於0.13-0.23之間，表示具有輕度的正向改變。最後，研究者針對營隊設計與未來研究提出建議。

Adventure Education started in 1941 after Kurt Hahn founded ＂Outward Bound School＂. The goal of adventure education is to improve individuals’ interpersonal and interpersonal abilities through direct participation in challenging， high adventure and novelty activities， then through facilitation and reflection to help individual gain the knowledge， skills and self-improvement.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the 5-days-4-nights adventure education camp， including: self-realization and interpersonal relationships. The scales of self-realization and interpersonal relationships were used to evaluate the effects for 210 adolescents participating in the camp. The scores of pre-test and post-test were compared. Also， the effect size was taken to measure how much the change was at different time points. According to the results， this adventure education camp could significantly and positively promote participants’ self-realization and interpersonal relationships. The effect size for self-realization ranged from 0.11 to 0.24 while the effect size for interpersonal relationships was from 0.13-0.23. In the end， suggestions for the following research and future camp design were provided.