高雄市歷史建築代天宮潘麗水巨幅壁畫之調查、脫鹽與修復

The Investigation, Desalination and Restoration of the Landscape Wall Painting Drawn by Pan Li-shui in Dai-Tien Kung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

由於潘麗水先生1962年於高雄代天宮所繪之山水壁畫受煙燻、鹽害等問題所危害，因此本研究乃針對該堵壁畫進行修復作業，作業內容包括檢測分析、鹽害處理與修復作業三部分。其中檢測分析與修復作業在我國文化資產界屬於較成熟的技術，相關作業均在非破壞性、低干擾性、可逆性等作業原則下逐步完成。而鹽害處理部分，由於目前國內較缺乏可參考之案例與作業方式，因此本研究主要參考國外之研究成果，先透過鹽類檢測與材料分析等相關工作了解鹽害之成因，再以濕敷泥法嘗試進行牆體脫鹽作業，並經由離子層析儀評估濕敷泥法之脫鹽成效，試驗結果顯示透過具適當孔隙大小之濕敷泥可有效降低牆體的含鹽量。相關作業之經驗與方法期望能供未來壁畫修復之參考。

Abstract The objective of this study is to preserve the landscape wall painting which was drawn by Mr. Li- Shui Pan in 1962. The wall painting, which is located at Dai-Tien Kung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, has been affected by pollution, namely due to soot and salt. The preservation work comprises investigation, desalination, and restoration. The investigation and restoration processes follow the standard operation processes that follow the principles of non-destructive work, low intervention and reversibility. Nevertheless, the desalination of wall paintings, especially for those on brick walls with cement sand plaster, is quite a challenge for the conservators. This study tries to utilize the poultice to perform the desalination of the substrate (wall) behind the painting layer. The desalination is evaluated by ion chromatography. The analysis results show that the poultice with proper pore size distribution can reduce the salt content of the wall and prevent the efflorescence and degradation of the wall painting.