無形文化遺產國際公約的成立與其護衛方法論

The Proclamation of the International Convention for Intangible Cultural Heritage and Its Methodology of Safeguarding

聯合國教科文組織2003年公告的《護衛無形文化遺產公約》促使國際社會就遺產的本質與意義進行廣泛的討論與想像，自公告以來10年，包括臺灣在內，對各地傳統文化政策帶來顯見的影響。《護衛無形文化遺產公約》的公告與生效，可以說在國際遺產事業史上畫下一道分水嶺，包括創造出新的遺產概念、新的治理哲學與技術。本文將回顧新遺產公約前史，梳理國際社會長年研議、磨合的過程，以分析無形文化遺產登場的意義，以及公約建構的新遺產護衛方法論與藍圖。

The proclamation of the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003) has seen a significant increase in international debate and conjecture about the nature and value of cultural heritage. In the 10 years since this proclamation, the influence of this convention upon the policy for traditional culture in many countries, including Taiwan, is obvious. This article reviewed the transformation process of working toward this convention, to examine the meaning of the birth of the concept of intangible heritage and the methodology of its safeguarding as specified by this convention.