「忙」的語意及認知概念分析──以語料庫為本

The Semantic Features and Cognitive Concepts of Mang2 'Busy': A Corpus-Based Study

"本研究旨在探析「忙」的語意特徵以及認知概念。本文使用「COCT書面語語料庫2017」採不重複隨機抽樣的方式蒐得1,314筆語料，在排除220筆名詞性的「忙」、二字詞、四字詞等無效語料後，共得1,094筆有效語料。分析「忙」的語意特徵、歸納其語義類別，及透過分析其後方之補語結構，探討「忙」的認知概念。本研究結果顯示「忙」的語意特徵可分為「投注大量心力和時間做某事」、「在有限的時間內抓緊時間做事」、「表示密集繁多的狀態」三類。人類對於「忙」的認知概念有事件狀態、生理表現、情緒三個類別。「忙」的語意特徵和認知概念相互作用、相輔相成，展現「忙」的急迫性、消耗性、密集性。筆者期望本研究成果能為「忙」訂定更加完整的定義，補足漢語心理動詞之研究缺口，並提供研究方法予學界參考。"

This study utilized the written data from the '2017 Corpus of Contemporary Taiwanese Mandarin' to analyze the semantic features and cognitive concepts of mang2 'busy'. Through random sampling, 1,314 instances were obtained, and among which, 220 instances, including the ones of bang1mang2 'help', four-character idioms, etc., were removed. Finally, there were a total of 1,094 instances analyzed. For analysis, the study firstly analyzed the semantic features and categorized the meanings of mang2. Next, the complements following mang2 were analyzed. The results of the study showed that the semantic features of mang2 can be sorted into three types: (1) to describe someone taking a great effort and time to do something; (2) to describe someone seizing the time to finish something urgently; and (3) a dense condition given a specific period of time. There are three categories of cognitive concepts of mang2: the state of events, physical performances, and emotions. The semantic features and cognitive concepts of mang2 display its urgency, consumptiveness, and density. It is expected that this paper should provide a more complete interpretation of mang2 and a corpus-based method for lexical analysis.