縣域社會中的國共關係：以抗戰時期江蘇豐縣為例

Relations between Kuomintang and Communist Party in County Society: Taking Feng County of Jiangsu Province during the anti-Japanese War as A Case Study

長期以來，學界對抗戰時期國共關係的研究大多著眼於兩黨高層，探究雙方黨、政、軍之間的互動，或聚焦具有重要影響力的事件，缺少微觀層面的長時段研究，尤其是以國民黨縣級政權為對象的研究比較少見。以江蘇省豐縣為個案，以黃體潤日記為主要材料，能夠完整呈現出抗戰時期一個蘇北小縣內跌宕起伏的國共關係。徐州會戰後，豐縣淪陷，國共短暫地合作抗日，但雙方除人情紐帶外，缺乏互信，在內外各種因素的交織影響下，最終分道揚鑣，衝突不斷，以破裂而告終。中共的勢崛起，擠壓了國民黨地方政權的生存空間，為雙方戰後的命運埋下了伏筆。國民黨基層幹部黃體潤始終以民族利益為重，堅守理念，為抗戰作出的貢獻需要肯定。抗戰時期豐縣的國共關係，既受到大的歷史環境的影響，是時代的投影，也與豐縣自身的特點密切相關。板塊邊緣、結構裂縫、人情政治等因素共同作用，塑造了豐縣的複雜形態。透過豐縣故事，既能瞭解國共兩黨迥異的政黨基因、組織模式和行為方式，也能看到人情、關係、地方利益等產生的影響，還能對中共的統一戰線獲得更深入的認識。

For a long time, researches on the relations between Kuomintang (KMT) and Communist Party of China (CPC) during the anti-Japanese war have not been conducted from the microscopic perspective. Taking Feng county in Jiangsu province as a case and by exploring the diary of Huang Tirun, this study intends to fully illustrate the up-and-down relations between the two parties in county society. After the fall of Feng county to the Japanese, KMT and CPC fought together against the Japanese troops temporarily. However, apart from the personal ties, the two parties had no mutual trust. Affected by various factors, their relations finally broke down. Huang Tirun's contribution to the anti-Japanese war deserves more attentions. The relations between KMT and CPC in Feng county during that period was affected not only by the historical circumstances, but also the characteristics of Feng county itself, that were formed by various factors such as area boundary, structure split, and political favoritism. Through exploring the story of Feng county, the fundamental differences of party nature, structure, and way of conduct between KMT and CPC Party can be distinguished, and, more importantly, local interest and politics, human relationship can also be reflected in depth.