便攜式行動雷射測繪系統於臺灣傳統寺廟建築調查記錄之3D測繪應用初探

Preliminary Study of 3D Mapping of a Taiwanese Traditional Temple Building with Hand-Held Laser Scanner

本文簡要說明文化資產3D文件檔案之發展以及「行動測繪技術」在此發展趨勢下所扮演的角色，並將SLAM（即時定位與地圖建置）技術為基礎之手持式行動測繪3D建模系統，實際以數座臺灣傳統寺廟建築為案例進行試作，藉此了解在此環境條件下是類設備操作的狀況，並呈現寺廟建築的重要特徵及細節如建築組群、棟架、藻井及雕飾物件等的初步量測結果，作為後續效能改善之基礎，供管理維護單位後續操作參考。本文採用之手持式SLAM雷達測繪設備，其量測精確度已有多數應用案例研究報告可循，本研究初步測試之結果，在傳統寺廟建築的半室內環境中，資料精確度仍可達設備規格表中所標示之結果，且可快速建立建築組群之空間分布及周邊環境的概略性測繪資料，大量減少非重點區域空間資訊建立的時間和人力，可作為大場域整體環境及建築構造3D點雲建置之便捷工具，然而，在寺廟建築室內環境中，雖能快速建立空間格局，但其視覺化的原始點雲資料，難以明確辨識小型構件及雕飾的細節和特徵紋飾，可能需另依賴進一步後製優化（如材質渲染），以提升傳統寺廟建築裝飾特徵的呈現，或與其他技術融合成為文化資產多尺度模型建置工作的一部分。

This article briefly describes the development of the 3D recording of built heritage and the application of mobile mapping systems, as well as the practical application of a SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) based mobile handheld mapping 3D modeling system. These case studies survey several Taiwanese traditional temples, and present the conformation features of traditional temple architecture, such as the architectural group spatial distribution, truss, caisson ceiling and decorative elements. These initial results offer the responsible government departments an operation reference for this type of technology. The measurement accuracy of the equipment (handheld SLAM-based laser system) used in this paper has been verified by previous case studies. According to the results of our examination, the spatial distribution of the temple building complexes and the surrounding environment can be quickly documented, saving not only time, but also manpower when gathering spatial information in non-key areas. It represents a convenient and efficient tool suitable for the 3D recording of the overall environment but from the original point cloud data of the temple's interior (trusses and carving details) it is difficult to clearly identify the characteristic ornamentation and the method may, therefore, need to rely on the relevant post-system optimization such as texture rendering techniques to modify the data visualization.