考古遺產保存的國際趨勢及其對國內法制的借鑑

Current trends of the protection of archaeological heritages and the experiences could be drawn for Taiwan legal system

現行文化資產保存相關法令對於遺址類文化資產保護的規定不夠完備，除了已見諸條文的內容有不少需補充、加強或修正外，尚有許多面向未能顧及。本文參考國際間關於考古遺產保護的法令規定、考古遺產保護的案例，以及遺址保護觀念的討論與發展趨勢，分別就工程開發前進行遺址調查之規定、開發者付費原則、墓葬發掘研究與管理的規範、原住民族對考古遺產的權利、考古知識與考古遺產保護概念的宣導、商業考古學的規範等面向，提出對考古遺產保護較積極而前衛的看法與建議。

The protection of archaeological heritage based on current Taiwan legal system leaves something required to complete, strengthen or amend. There are also various related aspects that have not been considered into the current system. The author consults the archaeological heritage protection laws of different countries, the recent cases of archaeological site protection and the discussions about the concept as well as current trends of protection. This paper discusses and provides advanced and beneficial notions on the issues of pre-development investigation as a condition of development permission, developer pays principle, excavation investigation and curation of human remains, jurisdiction of indigenous people over archaeological heritages, publicity of archaeology and the monitoring of commercial archaeology.