工具化下的文化資產與臺灣價值形塑：臺灣民主紀念園區與樂生療養院

The Shape of Consensus and the Instrumentalization of Cultural Heritage in Taiwan: National Taiwan Democracy Memorial Hall and Lo-Sheng Sanatorium Compared

在民主制度逐漸鞏固的21世紀，臺灣正試圖塑造新的價值共識，對於人權的追求與保障以及文化的維護與傳承即成為當下的訴求，其趨勢可從人權兩公約的公布施行，以及文化資產法制化的認定與維護得知。然回顧臺灣民主紀念園區與樂生療養院此二項在時間上重疊的案例，卻發現在政策落實的過程出現價值與權力的競合。亦即，在價值形塑的過程中，對於文化資產與人權保障政策認定與優先順序出現了矛盾，而中央與地方政府在面對政策選項時也出現利己之偏好。儘管依此不能宣稱文化保存與人權保障並非我政府試圖塑造的共識，但其爭議過程突顯臺灣價值形塑之困境。

In an attempt to shape consent of the 21st century after the transition from democratic consolidation in the past decades, Taiwan advocates at least two concepts as her own values. One is the protection and promotion of human rights, which can be seemed as the fulfillments of International Covenant of Civil and Political Rights as well as International Covenant of Economic, Cultural and Social Rights in recent years. The other is the launch and construction of Cultural Heritage Preservation Law since the 1980s. However, according to the simultaneous cases of National Taiwan Democracy Memorial Hall and Lo-Sheng Sanatorium, it seems that Taiwan is experienced two difficulties in shaping such values. The first difficulty is the co-competition between concept and policy. The second obstacle is the wrestling between central and local governments. Although it cannot be argued the failure of such attempt, the comparison of two cases in this paper demonstrates the encumbrance in establishing consensus in Taiwan.