探討不同族群於居家生活空間的使用行為

A Study Investigating User Behavior of Home Living Space in Diff erent Populations

現今居家環境與設備設計多為標準化型式，然而使用者族群中，針對生理功能較為特殊的設計則較少真正達到其需求來進行設計。本研究首要切入主軸以居家空間之使用行為做個案觀察訪談，其後藉由問卷分層量化不同族群之使用者觀點，瞭解身心條件面臨居家空間上所產生之困擾。整理得知：物理環境中居家相關設備缺乏彈性的使用功能，對於生理機能衰退、受傷或懷孕等家庭成員進而造就其生活的不便利；例如因患有關節炎而衍生的膝蓋問題直接影響使用者的移動行為；然而多數使用者對居住品質無充分認知，對空間障礙習以平常。歸納其生活空間因素與使用行為因素加以說明，最後並彙整出造就居家生活空間有關的困擾並以通用設計之觀點，將其歸納成共生、舒適、安全、彈性運用、凝聚力五點居家空間之通用設計準則。

Current home environments and equipment are mainly of an average standardized form. However,only few of them are designed according to the needs of users in diff erent populations whichhave special physiological functions. This study fi rst used participant observation and interviews toinvestigate user behavior in home living spaces. Thereafter, a qualitative questionnaire survey wasconducted to obtain user perspectives from different populations and understand the living spaceproblems caused by various physical and mental conditions. According to the results, the lacking offl exible in equipment had a signifi cant eff ect on the inconvenience for people with physical decline,injury, pregnancy and decreased user capability. For example, knee problems (such as arthritis) willcause will cause the users’movement behavior. However, most of the users did not fully perceive theirquality of living and were used to the existing space barriers. This study divided the above factors intoliving space factors and user behavior factors for further explanations. Lastly, this study summarizedthe problems that exist in home living spaces and took into account the perspective of universaldesign to develop guidelines for home spaces, including symbiosis, comfort, safety, fl exibility, andcohesiveness.