耳機與噪音對年輕族群耳鳴問題之研究

A study on Headphones and Noise on Tinnitus in Young People

本研究為探討耳機與噪音對年輕族群的耳鳴問題，採事後回溯研究方法。研究參與者為南部地區15－40歲的年輕族群共31名。研究參與者曾因耳鳴與聽力問題至醫院耳鼻喉頭頸部求診，經相關聽力檢查與醫師診視後排除外耳、中耳、內耳聽神經及聽覺中樞病變問題，且過去曾有戴耳機聽音樂與接觸噪音環境者。經徵詢本人同意參與研究，並簽署研究同意書，未滿18歲者同時請監護人簽署同意後，以事後回溯的方式進行問卷調查。本研究的工具以：黃啟原（2001）編製的「耳鳴障礙評量表」、曾珮翎（2010）編製的「娛樂噪音暴露經驗量表」蒐集資料。所得的資料以SPSS PC+ 17.0版統計軟體進行分析，以t考驗、單因子變異數分析進行統計考驗。本研究研究結果的主要發現為：1.年輕族群使用耳塞式耳機、每週使用3次以上且每次使用連續30分鐘以上和耳機音量大於4以上其耳鳴障礙程度為重度。2.在噪音暴露方面，可攜式音樂播放器使用次數每周4次以上及每次連續使用1小時以上，其耳鳴障礙程度多為重度。3.在PUB舞會超過3小時以上，其耳鳴響障礙程度比少於2小時的有顯著差異，耳鳴響障礙程度為重度。

This retrospective questionnaire study is focused on the relationships between the earphone use, environmental noise and the tinnitus of the young population. We collected 31 patients, among 15 to 40 years old who ever visited the otorhinolaryngologic outpatient clinic in southern Taiwan for the problems of tinnitus and hearing impairment. All patients ever used the earphone and exposed to the environmental noise. The patients diagnosed to have the pathologies of the external ear, middle ear, inner ear or the central auditory system after the physical examination and a series of hearing tests were excluded from the study. All participants competed the inform consent, he patient assent and the parental permission for the teenagers. The questionnaires including the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (Huang, 2001), Noise Exposure Rating Scale (Zheng, 2010) and Subjective Tinnitus Analogue Scale (Li, 2005). All analyses were performed using SPSS software (version 17.0). Testing for the association was performed using t test, one-way analysis of variance. The main results were: (1) Young people use insert earphones, used more than 3 times a week and each time for more than 30 minutes and headphones volume greater than 4 or more, in the degree of severe tinnitus disorder. (2) Participants use the portable music player persisted for more than one hour once and more than four times in one week always get the severe disorder of tinnitus. (3) In the PUB more than 3 hours or more, the degree of its ringing sound disorder less than 2 hours of significant differences, in the degree of severe tinnitus disorder.