張鳴鳳《桂勝》的纂輯歷程與文化意涵探析

The Compiling of Zhang Mingfeng’s Guisheng and Its Cultural Implication

成書於明代萬曆年間的《桂勝》，為桂林地方史的一項重要文化事件。由兵部右侍郎劉繼文發起，結合桂林文士鈔錄崖壁上的刻文（主要是唐、宋宦遊文人之詩文），再由在地文人張鳴鳳彙集，擇選銘文，加上前言及總評而成。是書先標舉地名，由張鳴鳳撰寫「導言」，既而依序臚列詩、文及壁上題名，再以張鳴鳳之稱號──「灕山人曰」作結。這本書的特殊性在於，它既是一部由官員主導，號召文人進行的「文化記憶工程」，也是宦遊桂林的文人群體集體題詠的詩文總集；更隱含張鳴鳳閱讀、整合、輯錄的思路。本文辨析《桂勝》從採集行動、編纂成書之歷程，並透過摩崖碑文的物質特性以及張鳴鳳纂輯的準則，審視桂林地方記憶的內涵與意義。

Guisheng, composed in the Wanli Era of Ming Dynasty, is one of the most important cultural events in the history of Guilin. Initiated by Viceroy of Liangguang, Liu Jiwen and compiled by local author Zhang Mingfeng （a.k.a. “The Hermit of Lishan”）, the project combined transcribed scripts of Guilin’s cliff inscriptions （mainly poetry and prose from traveling literati of Tang and Song Dynasties）, together with selected inscriptions, a preface, and summarizing comments. The book begins by listing place names, a “Prologue” by Zhang Mingfeng, followed by poems, prose and inscriptions, and ends with the section “Lishanren-yue” （Words from The Hermit of Lishan）. Guisheng is not only a work of chorography, but also a comprehensive travel guide. Penned by various authors, it’s a project of “cultural memory” promoted by officials, as well as an anthology of traveling poets and prosaists in the Guilin region. The comments from Zhang Mingfeng also reveal his thought processes in understanding and putting together this work, a display of rich regional and historical reflections. This study examines the making of Guisheng, from collecting to compiling, and ventures into deeper meanings of Guilin’s regional narratives, based on features of cliff inscriptions and Zhang Mingfeng’s editing guidelines.