政府國防廉潔指標之採購面研究：台灣個案

The Procurement Factors of Government Defense Integrity Index: Taiwan Case

台灣的政府國防廉潔指標（GDI）評比在2013及2015年兩次評鑑，國防部都獲得「B」級（低度貪腐風險）的良好評等，但評鑑五大面向中的採購面向由2013年的「B」級下降成2015年的「C」級。因應2020新式評鑑的重點，本研究具體指出數個有效阻卻軍事採購帶來的貪腐風險的策略，包括：1.訂定明確的採購法規與政策。2.採購廠商的法律遵遁及反貪條款要求。3.政府審計單位及國防部內部稽核部門積極介入。4.採購官員的反貪訓練及要求其對執行中的合約做必要管控。5.適度的合約資訊揭露並鼓勵多方面的廠商競標。6.強化國防採購政策辯論與公民參與的過程。綜言之，要增加採購契約的相關資料透明度，建立相關基本的採購政策法律或政策依據，並防止少數廠商的寡佔或獨佔，且降低審查採購官員的權衡彈性，再對得標廠商施以相對的課責，以確實防堵採購詐欺所可能帶來的貪腐風險。

Government Defense Integrity Index (GDI) of Taiwan has been evaluated twice in 2013 and 2015, and the Ministry of National Defense received a good rating of Band ＂B＂ (low risk of corruption), but the procurement factor is Band ＂B＂ in 2013 was downgraded to the Band ＂C＂ in 2015. For the 2020 new evaluation, this research specifically points out several strategies to effectively prevent corruption risks brought by military procurement, including: 1. Establish clear procurement regulations and policies. 2. Contract manufacturers' legal compliance and anti-corruption provisions. 3. The government outside audit and the internal audit department of the Ministry of National Defense actively overview. 4. Anti-corruption training for procurement officials and require them to exercise necessary control over contracts in execution. 5. Appropriate contract information disclosure and encourage action competition. 6. Strengthen the process of defense procurement policy debate and citizen participation. In summary, it is necessary to increase the transparency of relevant information in the procurement contract; establish relevant basic procurement policies and legal or policy basis; prevent the oligopoly or monopoly; reduce the manipulation power of procurement officials; and then impose the accountability for contractors to prevent corruption risks caused by procurement fraud.