從資訊自主權觀點探討人肉搜索之法律爭議

The Legal Issues of Doxing from the Perspective of the Right of Information Self-Determination

人肉搜索指的是網路使用者協力搜尋特定個人身分資訊或事件真相的集體行動，在網際網路發達的時代已是常見的網路現象，人肉搜索的結果也常引發社會關注。然而人肉搜索同時是表意自由的展現，卻又對個人隱私權帶來新的挑戰，當事人隱私權與表意自由及其背後之公共利益間的衝突應如何取得平衡，實為值得探究之議題。本文試圖逐一檢視人肉搜索事件中，所涉及之各方──被肉搜主體、參與肉搜行為人、原始資料提供者，以及網路平台業者之相關規範，並分析現有規範架構所面臨之困境。再者，本文透過外國立法例之借鏡，提出落實被遺忘權，並藉由納入隱私保護設計，以及強化網路平台業者應負之義務的角度切入，嘗試提出從保護資訊自主權觀點建構管制人肉搜索之適當架構。

'Doxing'' means the action of retrieving, and publishing a person's personal information that can be used to identify or locate an individual based on the information on the internet. Doxing has become ubiquitous in the cyberspace today and many results of doxing attract social debates. However, doxing invokes the dilemma that it is a form of expression protected by the constitution, while it also brings new threats to the right to privacy. How to balance the protection of the right to privacy and the interests of freedom of expression is a question worth discussing. This article delves into the legal challenges of doxing firstly by pointing the weakness of the current regulations to deal with this rising issue, providing a review over the rights and obligations of relevant actors-the data subject, the doxer, the resource provider, and the service provider. This articles also analyzes related foreign jurisprudence and proposes three possible regulatory solutions-affirming the right to be forgotten, advocating ''privacy by design,'' and reinforcing the obligation of service providers. All the solutions aim to enhance the right of information self-determination.