台灣運動心理學研究回顧：主題焦點與年代趨勢之社會網絡分析

Taiwan Sport and Exercise Psychology Research Review: Social Network Analysis of Theme Topics and Age Trends

運動心理學研究在台灣逐漸受到重視，並成為促進運動員成就或大眾運動品質不可或缺的專業領域。本研究旨在回顧台灣社會科學引文資料庫認可的期刊（TSSCI）收錄有關於運動心理學相關主題的115篇學術期刊與6篇博士論文，總計121筆文獻資料，藉由嚴謹的社會網絡分析方法，探討過往研究主題焦點之關係結構，並討論不同年代間的研究主題趨勢與變化。研究結果發現：（一）「運動員精神／道德發展」與「模仿／觀察學習」是台灣運動心理領域較少探討的研究主題，其餘九類研究主題可分為二類：（1）「競爭／成就取向」、「跨專業取向合作的運動心理議題」、「自我知覺」、「情緒／覺醒／焦慮」、「身體運動的接納、維持、堅持」，（2）「性別角色」、「態度／動機」、「社會發展／重要他人」、「測驗發展與驗證」，其中「自我知覺」是最具發展脈絡的關鍵性角色，與其他研究主題結合頻率也是最高。（二）在2006年之後的10年，台灣運動心理學的發展是最多元的，而2016年之後則是朝向數個研究主題深入研究；在年代區間一（1993－2000年）最關鍵研究主題是「態度／動機」；在年代區間二（2001－2005年）最關鍵研究主題是「自我知覺」與「態度／動機」；在年代區間三（2006－2010年）最關鍵研究主題是「自我知覺」、「身體運動的接納、維持、堅持」、「情緒／覺醒／焦慮」、「社會發展／重要他人」、「性別角色」、「態度／動機」；在年代區間四（2011－2015年）最關鍵研究主題是「自我知覺」、「態度／動機」、「身體運動的接納、維持、堅持」、「情緒／覺醒／焦慮」、「社會發展／重要他人」；在年代區間五（2016－2018年）最關鍵研究主題是「自我知覺」。

Sport and Exercise Psychology research has gradually gained attention in the public eyes in Taiwan and has become an indispensable professional field to promote athlete achievement or mass sports quality. This study aims to review 121 data on sports psychology-related topics which were contained 115 academic papers in the Taiwan Social Science Citation Index (TSSCI), and 6 doctoral dissertations, exploring the relationship between the focus of past research topics and discussing trends and changes in research themes across generations through rigorous social network analysis methods. The study found that: (1)''Sportsmanship/Moral Development'' and ''Modeling/Observational Learning'' are the research topics that are less discussed in Taiwan. The other nine research themes can be divided into three categories: a) ''Competition/Achievement Orientation'' and ''Multidisciplinary Approaches to Psychological Issues''; ''Self-Perceptions'', ''Emotion/Arousal/Anxiety'', ''Physical Activity Adoption, Maintenance, and Adherence''; b) ''Gender Role'', ''Attitude/Motivation'', ''Social Development/Significant Others'', ''Measurement Development and Validation''. Among which ''self-cognition'' is the key role of the most developmental potential context, and the frequency of integration with other research topics is also the highest. (2) In the decade after 2006, the development of Taiwan's sports psychology is the most diverse, and after 2016, it becomes an in-depth study of several research topics. In the time interval 1(1993-2000), the most critical research topic is ''Attitude/Motivation''. In time interval 2(2001- 2005), the most critical research topic are ''Self-Perceptions'', ''Attitude/Motivation''. In time interval 3(2006-2010), the most critical research topics are ''Self-Perceptions'','' Multidisciplinary Approaches to Psychological Issues'', ''Emotion/ Arousal/Anxiety'', ''Social Development/Significant Others'', ''Gender Role'', ''Attitude/Motivation''. In time interval 4(2011- 2015), the most critical research topics are ''Self-perceptions'', ''Attitude/Motivation'', ''Multidisciplinary Approaches to Psychological Issues'', ''Emotion/Arousal/Anxiety'', ''Social Development/Significant Others''. At last, ''Self-Perceptions'' is the most critical research topic in time interval 5(2016-2018).