腹膜透析患者生活品質及其相關因素之探討

Factors Associated With Quality of Life among Patients With Peritoneal Dialysis

本研究目的在瞭解腹膜透析患者之生活品質及其相關因素。為橫斷性相關性研究，於中部某醫學中心透析中心立意取樣106位腹膜透析患者。研究工具包括個人基本資料、世界衛生組織生活品質問卷台灣簡明版(WHOQOL-BREF)。所收集之資料以SPSS12.0中文版進行建檔，以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及複迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析。結果發現，在整體及社會關係範疇之生活品質未有顯著差異，但經Tukey事後檢定顯示，婚姻狀況、慢性病數量、吸菸習慣及運動習慣為生理、心理、環境範疇生活品質之影響因素，達顯著意義；健康指標方面在活動能力、血紅素與白蛋白，與各範疇之生活品質呈顯著正相關。BMI、尿素氮透析效率(Kt/V)分別與生理健康範疇及環境範疇之生活品質，達顯著負相關。運用複迴歸分析發現生活品質各範疇之預測因子包括已婚者、透析月數在61個月以上者、活動能力及Kt/V。研究結果可以提供最適切及個別性的照護，在患者的透析歲月中給予最適當支持，進而提升其生活品質。

This study aimedto understand the predictive factors of QOL among peritoneal dialysis patients.This is a cross-sectional design involving user survey.Purposive samplingwas used to collect data from106 peritoneal dialysis patients. Participants were from a medical center. The questionnaire had a combination of demographic data and WHOQOL-BREF.The statistical methods included descriptive analysis, independent t- test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression. Overall QOL and social relationship dimension showed a no significant difference, inmarital status, numbers of chronic illness, smokers and exercise habits showed a significant difference in physiological,mental and environmental dimensions at p<.05.Under health indicators, activity capability, and hemoglobin & albumin were positively related.BMI, and Kt/V were negatively related to environmental dimensions. In multipleregressions analysis,the married,peritoneal dialysis of more then 61 months, activity capability and Kt/V were significant predictors of QOL.This should help assist nurses in designing an individual care plan to support peritoneal dialysis patients and enhance their QOL.