護理人員工作壓力與社會支持之探討

A Study of the Social Support and Job Stress Among Nursing Staff

本研究目的旨在探討護理人員工作壓力與社會支持之相關性。以高雄市區六家地區教學層級以上醫院之護理人員為對象，採集數抽樣(cluster sampling)方式共得562份有效問卷，回收率73％。問卷工具包括：護理人員人口學特質、社會支持及工作壓力量表。研究顯示護理人員的工作壓力與社會支持屬於中等程度，總題項平均得分分別為2.90分(SD＝.59)、3.21分(SD＝.64)。護理人員婚姻狀況和工作單位不同，其工作壓力呈顯著性差異。年齡愈低、服務年資愈短、子女數愈少則工作壓力愈高。工作單位之不同，社會支持有顯著差異。護理人員若獲得到社會支持愈多，則工作壓力感受愈低。此研究結果，建議未來能強調社會支持在臨床落實的重要性，進而降低人員工作壓力，以提升護理之照護品質。

The purposes of this correlational study was to explore the relationship between job stress andsocial support of registered nurses. A cluster sampling consisted of 652 nurses recruited from sixteaching hospitals in Kaohsiung, resulting in a responding rate of 73%. The questionnaires weredesigned to obtain demographic and measured 'job stress' and 'social support'. The results of thisstudy indicated nurses'job stress and social support were on the moderate level. The mean score inrelation to the dimension of 'job stress' was 2.90(SD ＝.59),and the mean score in relation to thedimension of ' social support 'was 3.21(SD＝.64).There were significant differences in job stressin marital status and working units. The younger and less-experienced nurses who had fewer childrenperceived higher job stress.There was a significant difference in social support across differentworking units. Those who received more social support had less job stress. The results of thisstudy suggest emphasizing the importance of social support implement in clinics in the future. Itcould improve job stress, and to promote the quality of nursing service.