我國地方自治的制度設計與機制發展

System Design and Mechanism Development for Local Self-government in Taiwan

本文旨在介紹我國地方自治的制度發展，以使讀者了解臺灣的地方自治，係依循中華民國憲法的規範，並在憲法委託下完成地方自治法制化的政策合法化相關作業與作為。由於國情的特殊、政治的衝突，臺灣的地方自治制度性變革很顯著；其發展取向與國家政治民主化同步，且多少反應國家的民主化程度。儘管地方自治的制度化設計，仍在持續變革中，但其係單一國體制下的地方自治。直轄市與縣（市）係地方自治最具關鍵作為的層級，其與中央謂之二級化政府已使地方自治政治制度益趨穩固和發展。相信在穩定中成長的地方自治機制，必如過往的經驗中強化功能，厚植基本權，而使我國的地方自治真正落實自主性，以呈現有作為的自治典範模式。地方自治邁入地方治理，係全球化的政治發展取向；唯有國人的政治支援，地方公務人員的服務效能，始能確保自治化的地方制度，久久長長。

This article introduces the development of local self-government design and mechanism in Taiwan. Taiwan has implemented the local autonomy system for six decades that impressed Taiwanese people. Taiwanese local autonomy is terms of the Constitution of Republic of China which legalizes autonomous system with respect to legislating Generalization of Province and County Autonomy. The development local autonomy system is significant different form other countries with respect the level of democracy, because of politic conflicts and individual differences. The system of local self-government design has been developing according to the local autonomous mechanism with a single state. The county level autonomy is the critical foundation layer. The steadiness of local self-government development would be the critical success factor of a country. The system of local autonomy becomes local self-government in terms of regulations. The local government is expected to protect local people's life, body and property by local legality. It is a dream that Taiwan has a statement with sustainable development.