國家機密保護法初探

The Preliminary Study on National Secrets Protection Law

國家機密保護法已於今年二月六日經總統明令公布了。隨著該法的頒布及施行，國家機密之設定、等級之區分、維護及解密等事項終於有了全國各機關皆能遵循的標準與作法。值得注意的是，新法終究是針對國家機密的情形而設，一般「公務機密」不在其規範範圍內。舊法（指國家機密保護辦法）適用時期，未將「國家機密」與「公務機密」嚴格區分，各機關自訂機密文書處理規定時，亦多一體適用不作區別。如今新法新政，既只限於「國家級」之機密管理，則向來受各機關引用之規定，即難因新法之制定而取得替代，「公務機密」管理之依據，似只剩下行政院秘書處訂頒之文書處理手冊有關文書保密之相關規定而已。本文擬自新法之簡要介述與分析中，探究其對現有文書及檔案管理制度之影響，用供將來實務運作之參考。

The new version National Secrets Protection Law (NSPL) was promulgated on February 6th. Following the public proclamation and execution of the NSPL, all the issues related to the definition, rank, maintenance, and declassification for National Secrets have a standard process for the government organization to follow up. However, we have the concern that the scope of the NSPL is National Secrets only. The secrets of government's administration units are not included. The past years government did not specifically distinguish the difference between National Secrets and Administration Secrets. The units of government organization treated both same while they applied the original version. As of today, the new version only focuses on the management of National Secrets, it's not feasible any more to apply it on the Administration affairs. Look like only the Documentation Handbook issued by the Secretary General Office of Executive Yuan of Administration Yuan) is the good legal base. The purpose of my article is to provide the reference for the onward execution at the government organization from three aspects: the brief introduction of the new version NSPL, the analysis of the NSPL., the influence and impact to present documentation and archive system.