退休將領健康促進生活型態之研究

A Study on Retired Generals' Health-promting Lifestyles

本研究針對退休將領的生活型態進行探討，以在某醫學中心接受健檢之退休將領為研究母群體，採橫斷式調查研究法，以郵寄問卷方式收集資料。問卷內容包括基本資料與生活型態量表，共發出問卷937份，有效回收資料730份(77.9%)。統計方法使用SPSS for Window11.0版，以因素分析作問卷之建構效度。研究結果：退休將領平均年齡為73.4歲，一般健康狀況良好，「吃早餐」、「每天三餐規律」與「對生命樂觀與熱忱」為這些退休將領對其生活型態評分最高的前三項；「參加改善我的居住環境之教育課程或活動」、「運動時會測量自己的脈搏」及「參加有關個人健康保健方面的教育課程或活動」則為最低的三項。將退休將官生活型態量表進行因素分析，結果依各因素之項目性質命名為：「自我實現」、「健康諮詢」、「壓力處理」、「注意營養」、「健康責任」、「人際支持」、與「規律運動」等七項。按平均值而言，「注意營養」得分最高，最低為「健康諮詢」。本研究期望藉透過退休將領正視自己健康狀況的生活態度，提供民眾健康促進學習的榜樣，及早養成規律生活習慣、重視常規身體活動的重要性，結合時代潮流走向推展民眾管理式健康照護的趨勢，是研究者努力之方向。

The purpose of this study was to explore the retired generals' health promoting lifestyles. A cross-sectional study design was used and data was collected by mailed questionnaires. The sample of this study was 937 retired generals after their routine health check up in a medical center. A health-promoting lifestyle scale was used as the research instrument. Factor analysis was used for data analysis. The important findings were as the following: (1) A totally of 730 subjects' data were completed, the mean age of retired generals was 73 .4 in this study; (2) The self-reported top 3 lifestyle items were "eating breakfast eating 3 regular meals a day" , "being enthusiastic and optimistic about life" , and the bottom 3 ones were “attending educational programs on improving the environment where I live" ,"checking my pulse 1'ate when exercising", “attending educational programs on personal health care"; (3) Seven factors were extracted and named from the health-promoting lifestyle scale, including self-actualization, health counseling, stress management, nutrition, health responsibility, interpersonal support, and exercise. These results could show a model for general population and also provide a good reference and recommendation for making health policies.