照護一位服食老鼠藥自殺個案身心重建之護理經驗

How to Help A Suicide Patient Eating Rodentiside for Physical and Psychological Reconstruction

本文主旨在探討一位服食老鼠藥自殺個案進行身心重建的護理過程。個案因家中有兩個精神病患兒子，長期背負家庭經濟重擔，再加上社會對精神病患家庭歧視的長期壓力，道致其自尊心低落以及家庭的調適不良，使個案產生行為及心理的偏差，進而以自殺方式來逃脫社會壓力。針對此個案，筆者運用心理評估及社區護理的家庭評估模式進行分析後，確定個案的主要護理問題有：高危性自殺、潛在性出血、低自尊及家庭因應能力失調等。筆者根據其問題，提供適當的護理措施。護理重點除監測及控制因老鼠藥所引起的凝血功能異常外，另針對其心理障礙，運用同理心、責任灌輸、找尋社會資源、建立社交生活及尋求同儕的心理支持等方式，探供協助。終能使個案的心理得以重建，並能以正向藥觀的態度面對未來。

The substance of this article is to discuss how to help a suicide patient for physical and psychological recons-truction during the hospitalized period. The patient we took care has two sons suffering from psychosis for years. He felt extreme pessimistic due to his poor financial condition and people's discrimination against his two mental illness sons. The long-term pressure pushed him to go to pieces and commited suicide by eating rodentiside. We used Psychological and Family Nursing theory and assessment to analyze this patient and found his major nursing problems: high risk o fsucide, potential bleeding tendency, low dignity and loss of family adaptation ability. Except closely monitoring and controlling his coagulation problem, we must also delve deeply into the reason why he committed suicide and provide appropriate nursing procedures, such as standing on the same position, reinforcing responsibility, assisting him to seek for social help , and mental support from his contemporaries and then rejoining the society again. Finally he could face the future optimistically.