母公司人力資本與創新資本移轉對子公司經營績效之影響：以大陸台商為例

The Impacts of Transferring Human Capital and Innovation Capital from Parent on Performance of Subsidiary: An Examination of Taiwanese Enterprises in China

本文探討台商母公司的人力資本與創新資本對大陸子公司經營績效之影響，特別將母子公司間的移轉機制與子公司的吸收能耐納入實證分析中。本文以在大陸設有子公司之我國公司為問卷調查對象，回收之有效樣本合計共103家。路徑分析之結果發現，大多數台商母公司所擁有的人力資本與創新資本會直接影響大陸子公司的經營績效。有關移轉成效方面，台商人力資本有移轉和吸收效果，但創新資本的效果則不佳。在上市櫃電子業之樣本中，母公司所擁有的人力資本係先透過影響移轉機制，再進而間接影響大陸子公司的經營績效。在上市櫃之樣本中，當台商母公司所擁有的人力資本愈高時，愈有助於提高大陸子公司之吸收能耐，並進而間接影響大陸子公司的經營績效。另外，迴歸分析之結果發現，人力資本對經營績效有顯著的正效果，而創新資本對經營績效的影響並不顯著。本文最後建議理論或實務上之管理意涵。

This study investigates the impacts of transferring human capital and innovation capital from Taiwanese parent on performance of Chinese subsidiary. This study highlights the role of transfer mechanism and absorptive capacity in explaining the effect of human capital and innovation capital on subsidiary performance. Based on a sample of 103 subsidiaries of Taiwanese enterprises in China, results of path analysis indicate that both human capital and innovation capital from parent are positively associated with subsidiary performance. In general, the results support that the effects of human capital on subsidiary performance are mediated by both transfer mechanism and absorptive capacity, but the transfer roles of innovation capital are not supported. Finding from the public electronic industry reveals that the influence of human capital on subsidiary performance is indirect through the mediating role of transfer mechanism. The result from the public companies shows that the influence of human capital on subsidiary performance is indirect through the mediating role of absorptive capacity. Moreover, regression analyses demonstrate that different intellectual capital elements have a different effect on subsidiary performance. Human capital is important in explaining the variations in subsidiary performance, while innovation capital has little or no effect. Implications for theory and research are discussed.