騎乘文化──民初校園自由車運動風潮

Cycling culture: The bike activities at schools in the early Republic of China

本文旨在瞭解自由車在民初學校課程裡的活動，以及在童子軍的發展內容，內文先闡述民初的教育政策與學校課程活動，其次討論童子軍中自由車的相關活動，最後探討自由車競賽活動。本文研究結果顯示：一、1941年4月，教育部正式將自由車列為學校體育活動課程之項目。二、1922年，童子軍專科課程已包含自由車項目，並舉辦相關競賽及活動訓練。三、1920年代，各級學校開始舉辦自由車競賽活動，舉凡賽慢、賽快，或是騎術表演競賽皆羅列其中。自由車開啟學生對交通器具的認知，透過騎乘促進身體的鍛鍊，挑戰自我及陶冶心靈，開啟自由車運動之風潮。

This paper aims to understand the activities of bike in school curricula and the professional course of boy scout in early Republic China. The paper first elaborates on the educational policy and school curriculum activities in early Republic China, then discusses the activities related to bike in boy scouts, and finally analyzes the events of bike. The research results show the following three points. The Ministry of Education listed bike as a physical education course in school in April, 1941. The activities, training and competitions related to bike were included in professional course of boy scout in 1922. School at all levels held the bike competitions including the events of slowest and fastest and biking skill performance. Students had more knowledge of traffic vehicles from participating in bike's activities and competitions and promoted physical strength, challenges themselves and cultivates their minds by riding bicycles. Therefore, the bike became a lifestyle for students.