區塊鍵技術在運動賽會報名認證系統之應用

Registration and authentication system for sports games based on blockchain technology

區塊鏈技術（blockchain）為比特幣（Bitcoin）等加密貨幣（cryptocurrency）的底層技術，它的去中心化、不可篡改、匿名、公開透明、可追溯等特性，確保了系統穩定運作並被信任。除加密貨幣外，該技術已被廣泛應用在其他領域中，包括金融、醫療、產銷、物流、文件認證等。有鑑於此，本文旨在將區塊鏈技術導入運動領域中，提出一個基於該技術的運動賽會報名認證系統架構，以期解決傳統賽會報名及文件認證流程中的問題，如文件遺失或損毀、文件偽造或篡改、人工作業費時及可能出錯等。透過此系統，成績記錄將以電子證書型式儲存於區塊鏈上，讓文件可以完整無缺地永久保存，而學校或權責機關也能在區塊鏈上簽發學籍或資格證明，再利用智慧合約（smart contract），使未來的主辦單位可自動審核報名者資格，提升作業效率與正確性。本文亦比較了新舊兩種模式的差異與執行上的難點，並對未來的發展研究方向提出建議。

Blockchain is the underlying technology of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. The characteristics of blockchain, such as decentralization, immutability, anonymity, publicity, transparency, and traceability, ensure the operation and trustworthiness of blockchains. In addition to cryptocurrencies, blockchain technology has been widely applied in various industries like finance, medicine, production and marketing, logistics, and document authentication, etc. This paper aims to introduce blockchain technology into the field of sport and to propose a new system for sports event registration and authentication using blockchain to resolve some concerns in traditional workflow including lost, damage, or falsity of documents. By blockchain technology, records of the competition will be stored in the blockchain as digital documents which may be kept intact forever. Besides, schools, organizations, or governments may issue proofs of athletes' student status or specific qualifications in the blockchain as well. With the help of smart contracts, future sports event organizers may approve registration automatically, improving efficiency and accuracy. This paper also compares the differences between the traditional system and the blockchain-based new system followed by some recommendations for future researches.