| 中文摘要 |
Background/Purpose: An assay system using D. magna embryos was applied to the investigation of the adverse effects of food additives. Methods: Immobilization test and embryonic development assay procedures were utilized to evaluate the toxic effects of benzoic acid and sodium nitrite on D. magna embryos according to US EPA procedures. The 48h-EC_(50) values and 95% confidence limits were calculated on Probit analysis, based on nominal concentrations. Results: Long-term exposure of D. magna to preservatives led to delayed first brood and changes in number of hatchlings, as well as differences in offspring sex ratio, number of offspring I hatchlings, number of living generations, and survival rate. The impact of sodium nitrite on embryos of D. magna was greater than that of benzoic acid (p<0.001). Conclusion: Daphnid embryos are markedly more sensitive to benzoic acid and sodium nitrite than juveniles. In addition, sodium nitrite has higher toxicity to Daphnia embryos than benzoic acid. The results of the present study clearly demonstrated that benzoic acid and sodium nitrite cause acute toxicity to and have teratogenic effects on D. magna neonates and embryos, respectively. |
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