主權理論與當前台灣外交戰略

Analyzing Taiwan's Foreign Policy: The Perspective of Sovereignty Theories

2008年3月總統大選後，國民黨重新上台執政，並提出「外交休兵」與「活路外交」的理念，希望扭轉過去兩岸在外交上不斷陷入零和遊戲的局面，創造出一種比較良性的互動關係。但馬政府所採取的策略並沒有解決台灣外交的根本困境。兩岸在外交上陷入競爭的根源是主權的概念：台灣方面自認具有外交能力的依據是台灣乃一主權獨立於中華人民共和國之外的國家；而北京的主要立場卻是台灣並非主權國家，因此不能發展外交關係，也不能參加以主權國家為條件的國際組織。本文以外部主權的概念來分析台灣新政府外交策略的得與失，並考量北京目前立場與國際政治體系特性，討論台灣重返國際組織的可能性。

Since the KMT returned to power in March 2008 and proposed to stop the competition for diplomatic partners with China, the world has seen more reconciliatory moves between both sides. Yet the strategy of ''modus vivendi'' diplomacy does not alter Taiwan's isolated status in the international community. This article argues that the source of Taiwan's diplomatic isolation is the concept of state sovereignty--Political leaders in Taiwan consider the island as a sovereign state thus being eligible for participating in international affairs, while the Chinese government still treats Taiwan as a renegade province. By utilizing the concept of external sovereignty, this paper evaluates the achievements in diplomatic areas claimed by the KMT government, and discusses the possibility for Taiwan to join international organizations in the near future.