影響果菜批發市場勞動使用效率與調整因素之探討

Labour-use Efficiency and its Adjustment in the Fruit and Vegetable Wholesale Markets

果菜批發市場在農產品運銷中占有相當重要的地位，根據農產品市場交易法之規定，果菜批發市場為不以營利為目的之公用事業，本研究將探討果菜批發市場之勞動使用效率與調整。我們將採取隨機邊界分析法與非線性迴歸模型，對果菜批發市場勞動使用效率與調整速度進行衡量與比較，瞭解影響果菜批發市場勞動使用效率與調整之因素。 本研究發現果菜批發市場間之勞動使用效率與調整速度確實存在相當程度的差異，在研究期間平均無效率程度為38.56%。無效率程度隨市場之等級、類型、經營項目、區位及交易方式而不同。研究辨別出：在市場規模越大、單一蔬菜市場、位於南部及東部、採取拍賣及議價交易之市場，其無效率值愈高。勞動使用調整速度方面，平均調整速度為0.3590，其中以三等市場、單一水果市場、中部市場、單純議價市場、B政黨執政與勞動調整距離越大的市場其調整速度越快。

The fruit and vegetable wholesale markets play an important role in agricultural market. According to Agricultural Products Market Transaction Act, the fruit and vegetable wholesale market is the non-profit purposes public utility. In this study, we explored labor-use efficiency and adjustment of fruit and vegetable wholesale markets. We will take the stochastic frontier analysis and the nonlinear adjustment model to measure and compare the labor-use efficiency and adjustment speeds from fruit and vegetable wholesale markets to shed light on which factors affect labor-use efficiency and the adjustment of the fruit and vegetable wholesale markets.The study found that there are considerable differences between the labor-use efficiency and adjustment speeds which actually exist in fruit and vegetable wholesale markets. During the period this research was conducted, the average inefficiency was 38.56%. Inefficiency will be changed owing to the class, type, operating item, location and trading mode of the market. The study found that the larger of market class, a single vegetable market, located in the south and east, through auction and bargaining, the higher the inefficiency is. In terms of the adjustment speeds in labor-use, the average adjustment speed is 0.3590; moreover, the adjustment speeds is rapidly increasing among the third-class market, a single fruit market, the central market, a simple bargaining market, the ruling B Party, adjustment distance, and the market which has a larger adjustment.