磨課師作為環境友善教學之新取徑的理念、實踐、批判與啟示

Ideas, Practices, Criticisms, and Implications of MOOCs as a New Path for Eco-Friendly Pedagogy

本研究提出大規模開放性線上課程（磨課師）作為高等教育環境友善教學的新取徑；並透過探索性研究，分析其理念、實踐、批判與啟示。首先，研究者分析磨課師作為環境友善教學的主要概念。其次，探究磨課師作為環境友善教學的四項理念（效率、彈性、適用性、永續性）及其實踐。復次，對磨課師可能的缺失提出批判性反思─磨課師尚未完善、不愉悅的學習歷程、一體適用的問題；從中提出相對應的解決方法。最後，研究者推論出幾項對高等教育之啟示：增加高等教育的線上學習以減少環境的衝撃、融合磨課師與傳統高等教育課程以求資源效率與教學品質的平衡、整合臺灣各式磨課師平臺成為單一平臺以增加使用效率及方便性、革新磨課師以增進高等教育之環境友善的教與學。

This study proposed Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) as a new path for eco-friendly pedagogy in higher education and explored its ideas, practices, criticisms, and implications through exploratory research. First, the researcher analyzed the main concepts of MOOCs as an ecofriendly pedagogy. Second, the paper explored four ideas of MOOCs as an eco-friendly pedagogy － efficiency, flexibility, applicability, and sustainability－and then discussed their practices respectively. Third, the study provided critical reflection on the potential downsides of MOOCs— imperfect MOOCs, an unpleasant learning journey, and the one-size-fits-all problem; the author has proposed corresponding solutions. Finally, the researcher inferred several implications for higher education: increasing online learning in higher education to diminish environmental impact, blending MOOCs into conventional higher education courses to balance resource efficiency and pedagogical quality, combining multiple Taiwanese MOOCs platforms into a single platform to increase efficiency and convenience of usage, and innovating MOOCs to improve ecofriendly teaching and learning in higher education.