活化閒置空間為高齡者日間照顧據點之研究──以閒置校舍為例

Reuse Vacant Space as Day Care Center for Aged People--A Case Study of Vacant School Space

自2007年設立的長照1.0，我國政府開始正式將社區照顧長期照顧十年計劃的施政要項。一方面除為因應快速成長的高齡人口之外，也對不斷延長的生命餘年有所因應。同時亦為長照2.0施政計畫的基礎建設。日前根據統計我國人口扶養結構已轉變為扶老為主，扶幼為次。將閒置校舍轉為日間照顧中心之考量主要為：閒置校舍為合法公有場地且為社區居民生活核心。本研究案例分析探討其成功轉型之原因以及其過程中面臨的困境，針對其研究結果提出建議，以期未來政府相關部門能針對閒置校舍轉型為日間照顧中心提出一系列之相關政策及施行辦法。本研究結果歸納出影響將閒置校舍成功轉型為日間照顧中心的原因包含：自中央至地方政府之間的跨部會、跨局處即時聯絡管道與有效溝通平台、取得原使用者的認同（包含學校與居民）、民眾對於長照的認識與了解、有經驗之團隊進駐經營與管理及融合在地原本環境特色等。本研究藉由學理與分析既有實際案例來探討校舍場地在法定程序上的釋放及轉作流程，以利未來公私部門能共同參與，對於日間照顧中心進行更有效率的建構。

To meet the long-term care needs arising from the increasing elderly population and the longer life span, Taiwanese government has formally promoted community care since 2007, and set the day care center as an important policy focus for the ’’10-Year Long Term Care Plan’’, and the day care center is also the foundation of the long-term care 2.0 plan. According to statistics, the population support structure of Taiwan has been changed. Now, the support structure is mainly old age dependency followed by the child dependency. The main consideration for converting the vacant school space into day care centers is that the vacant school space is legal public venues and the core of community residents’ lives. This case study explores the reasons for its successful transformation and the difficulties it faces in the process, and provides suggestions based on the research results, in the hope that relevant government departments can put forward a series of relevant policies and implementation measures for the transformation of vacant school space into day care centers in the future. The results of this study summarize the reasons for the successful transformation of vacant school space into day care centers, including: cooperation and support between the central and local governments, effective and instant cross-bureau communication platforms and channels, and the recognition of original users (including schools and residents), the public’s knowledge and understanding of long-term care, the presence of experienced teams in operation and management, and the integration of local environmental characteristics. The purpose of this study is to explore the legal process for the release and transformation of school premises through theories and analysis of practical cases, so that the public and private sectors can participate in the more efficient construction of day care centers in the future.