言者諄諄，聽者藐藐？正當性湧現的多層次分析

The Speaker Talks with Great Earnestness, But the Audience Pays Little Attention? A Multilevel Analysis of the Emergence of Legitimacy

本文提出一個聯繫微觀、中觀和巨觀層次的正當性湧現模型。我們強調正當性的形成取決於創新者和評價者之間持續的對話協商和具體的互動方式，我們援引溝通制度主義以連結起創新者的賦名策略和評價者的情景判斷，據此探討個體層次的差異性認知如何轉化為共用的制度邏輯和集體層次的正當性。溝通既是聯合的認知活動，也是反思性的策略行動，它重塑了評價者的制度認知，構造出新的正當性。我們指出，當創新者或賦名者在制度邏輯元語言空間內對媒介接觸、認知參照點和場域關聯文本進行有效管理時，正當性湧現就比較可能會發生。

This article offers a new understanding of the emergence of legitimacy through the development of a multilevel model connecting micro-, meso-, and macro processes. We emphasize that the formation of legitimacy depends on the ongoing negotiations and interactions between innovators and evaluators. Drawing on the communicative institutionalism perspective, we conceptualize communication as the mutual cognitive activities that connect innovators’ framing strategies with evaluators’ contextual judgment. This connection is important for transforming individual attributes into collective cognition. Thus, communication constitutes legitimacy, defined as a process of moving toward new institutional logic and cognitive frames that shape evaluators’ minds. We propose that the more effective the management of a medium’s phaticity, cognitive reference point strategy, and affiliated text management in institutional logic metalanguage, the more likely the emergence of legitimacy.