後真相時代的社會運動、媒體，和資訊政治：香港反修例運動的經驗

Social Movements, Media, and Information Politics in the Post-truth Era: The Experience of Hong Kong’s Anti-Extradition Bill Movement

新聞媒體如何報導社會運動向來備受社運和傳播研究者的關注，而在數碼媒體環境下，假新聞和謠言廣泛傳播，也是社會運動需要面對的問題。本文以此為焦點，探究2019年下半年香港反修例運動中的資訊政治。本文建構一個以政治平行、規範解控，以及公共資訊傳播私密化三個概念組成的分析框架，然後通過對主流新聞媒體報導的內容分析、個別個案中訊息傳播過程的重構，以及調查研究數據分析，展示政治立場對媒體報導的影響及這影響的界限、謠言或假新聞如何通過忽視公共傳播規範的政治精英得以在主流媒體上出現、謠言和假新聞如何在新媒體平台之間持續流傳，以及政治態度和不同傳播渠道對個人認知的影響。

 

Communication scholars and social movement researchers have long been concerned with the news coverage of social protests. In the age of digital media, concerns have intensified with the increase in rumors and fake news. This article focuses on these concerns and examines the politics of information during the Anti-Extradition Bill Movement in Hong Kong during late 2019. This article describes an analytical framework comprising the main concepts of political parallelism, normative disinhibition, and privatization of public communication. Within the framework, this study examines news coverage of the movement, recounts the processes of information dissemination during specific key incidents, and analyzes survey data on citizens’ media use and trust in rumors and fake news to illustrate the influence of media political stances on news coverage, the limits of such influence, the spread of rumors and fake news in the public and through digital media, and the influence of political attitudes and media channels on individual cognition.